We present detailed numerical simulations of NGC 1433 , an intermediate-type barred spiral showing strong morphological features including a secondary bar , nuclear ring , inner ring , outer pseudoring , and two striking , detached spiral arcs known as “ plumes. ” This galaxy is an ideal candidate for recreating the observed morphology through dynamical models and determining the pattern speed .
We derived a gravitational potential from an H -band image of the galaxy and simulated the behavior of a two-dimensional disk of 100,000 inelastically colliding gas particles .
We find that the closest matching morphology between a B -band image and a simulation occurs with a pattern speed of 0.89 km s ^ { -1 } arcsec ^ { -1 } \pm 5-10 % .
We also determine that the ratio of corotation radius to the average published bar radius is 1.7 \pm 0.3 , with the ambiguity in the bar radius being the largest contributor to the error .