We present cosmological constraints arising from the first measurement of the radial ( line-of-sight ) baryon acoustic oscillations ( BAO ) scale in the large scale structure traced by the galaxy distribution .
Here we use these radial BAO measurements at z = 0.24 and z = 0.43 to derive new constraints on dark energy and its equation of state for a flat universe , without any other assumptions on the cosmological model : w = -1.14 \pm 0.39 ( assumed constant ) , \Omega _ { m } = 0.24 ^ { +0.06 } _ { -0.05 } .
If we drop the assumption of flatness and include previous cosmic microwave background and supernova data , we find w = -0.974 \pm 0.058 , \Omega _ { m } = 0.271 \pm 0.015 , and \Omega _ { k } = -0.002 \pm 0.006 , in good agreement with a flat cold dark matter cosmology with a cosmological consant .
To our knowledge , these are the most stringent constraints on these parameters to date under our stated assumptions .