The Galileo spacecraft was the first man-made satellite of Jupiter , orbiting the planet between December 1995 and September 2003 .
The spacecraft was equipped with a highly sensitive dust detector that monitored the jovian dust environment between approximately 2 and 370 \mathrm { R _ { J } } ( jovian radius \mathrm { R _ { J } = 71492 km } ) .
The Galileo dust detector was a twin of the one flying on board the Ulysses spacecraft .
This is the tenth in a series of papers dedicated to presenting Galileo and Ulysses dust data .
Here we present data from the Galileo dust instrument for the period January 2000 to September 2003 until Galileo was destroyed in a planned impact with Jupiter .
The previous Galileo dust data set contains data of 2883 particles detected during Galileo ’ s interplanetary cruise and 12978 particles detected in the jovian system between 1996 and 1999 .
In this paper we report on the data of additional 5389 particles measured between 2000 and the end of the mission in 2003 .
The majority of the 21250 particles for which the full set of measured impact parameters ( impact time , impact direction , charge rise times , charge amplitudes , etc . )
was transmitted to Earth were tiny grains ( about 10 nm in radius ) , most of them originating from Jupiter ’ s innermost Galilean moon Io .
They were detected throughout the jovian system and the impact rates frequently exceeded 10 min ^ { -1 } .
Surprisingly large impact rates up to 100 min ^ { -1 } occurred in August/September 2000 when Galileo was far away ( \mathrm { \approx 280 R _ { J } } ) from Jupiter , implying dust ejection rates in excess of \mathrm { 100 kg s ^ { -1 } } .
This peak in dust emission appears to coincide with strong changes in the release of neutral gas from the Io torus .
Strong variability in the Io dust flux was measured on timescales of days to weeks , indicating large variations in the dust release from Io or the Io torus or both on such short timescales .
Galileo has detected a large number of bigger micron-sized particles mostly in the region between the Galilean moons .
A surprisingly large number of such bigger grains was measured in March 2003 within a 4-day interval when Galileo was outside Jupiter ’ s magnetosphere at approximately \mathrm { 350 R _ { J } } jovicentric distance .
Two passages of Jupiter ’ s gossamer rings in 2002 and 2003 provided the first actual comparison of in-situ dust data from a planetary ring with the results inferred from inverting optical images .
Strong electronics degradation of the dust instrument due to the harsh radiation environment of Jupiter led to increased calibration uncertainties of the dust data .