We present new far-infrared ( 70 - 500 \mu m ) Herschel PACS and SPIRE imaging observations as well as new mid-IR Gemini/T-ReCS imaging ( 8.7 and 18.3 \mu m ) and spectroscopy of the inner Lindblad resonance ( ILR ) region ( R < 2.5 kpc ) of the spiral galaxy NGC 1365 . We complemented these observations with archival Spitzer imaging and spectral mapping observations . The ILR region of NGC 1365 contains a Seyfert 1.5 nucleus and a ring of star formation with an approximate diameter of 2 kpc . The strong star formation activity in the ring is resolved by the Herschel/PACS imaging data , as well as by the Spitzer 24 \mu m continuum emission , [ Ne ii ] 12.81 \mu m line emission , and 6.2 and 11.3 \mu m PAH emission . The AGN is the brightest source in the central regions up to \lambda \sim 24 \mu m , but it becomes increasingly fainter in the far-infrared when compared to the emission originating in the infrared clusters ( or groups of them ) located in the ring . We modelled the AGN unresolved infrared emission with the clumpy torus models and estimated that the AGN contributes only to a small fraction ( \sim 5 \% ) of the infrared emission produced in the inner \sim 5 kpc . We fitted the non-AGN 24 - 500 \mu m spectral energy distribution of the ILR region and found that the dust temperatures and mass are similar to those of other nuclear and circumnuclear starburst regions . Finally we showed that within the ILR region of NGC 1365 most of the on-going star formation activity is taking place in dusty regions as probed by the 24 \mu m emission .