Although turbulence has been conjectured to be important for magnetic reconnection , still very little is known about its role in collisionless plasmas .
Previous attempts to quantify the effect of turbulence on reconnection usually prescribed Alfvénic or other low-frequency fluctuations or investigated collisionless kinetic effects in just two-dimensional configurations and antiparallel magnetic fields .
In view of this , we analyzed the kinetic turbulence self-generated by three-dimensional guide-field reconnection through force-free current sheets in frequency and wavenumber spaces , utilizing 3D particle-in-cell code numerical simulations .
Our investigations reveal reconnection rates and kinetic turbulence with features similar to those obtained by current in-situ spacecraft observations of MMS as well as in the laboratory reconnection experiments MRX , VTF and Vineta -II .
In particular we found that the kinetic turbulence developing in the course of 3D guide-field reconnection exhibits a broadband power-law spectrum extending beyond the lower-hybrid frequency and up to the electron frequencies .
In the frequency space the spectral index of the turbulence appeared to be close to -2.8 at the reconnection X-line .
In the wavenumber space it also becomes -2.8 as soon as the normalized reconnection rate reaches 0.1 .
The broadband kinetic turbulence is mainly due to current-streaming and electron-flow-shear instabilities excited in the sufficiently thin current sheets of kinetic reconnection .
The growth of the kinetic turbulence corresponds to high reconnection rates which exceed those of fast laminar , non-turbulent reconnection .