Four quiescent elliptical galaxies were imaged with the NRAO VLA at 8.5 GHz .
Within the context of canonical advection-dominated accretion flows ( ADAFs ) , these VLA images plus published black hole masses constrain the accretion rates to be < 1.6 \times 10 ^ { -4 } , < 3.6 \times 10 ^ { -4 } , \leq 7.8 \times 10 ^ { -4 } , and \leq 7.4 \times 10 ^ { -4 } of the Eddington rates .
These ADAF accretion rates derived at 8.5 GHz have important implications for the levels of soft and hard X-rays expected from these quiescent galaxies .