The RR Lyrae distance scale is reviewed .
In particular , we discuss theoretical and empirical methods currently adopted in the literature .
Moreover , we also outline pros and cons of optical and near-infrared mean magnitudes to overcome some of the problems currently affecting RR Lyrae distances .
The importance of the K-band Period-Luminosity-Metallicity ( PLZ _ { K } ) relation for RR Lyrae is also discussed , together with the absolute calibration of the zero-point .
We also mention some preliminary results based on NIR ( J , K ) time series data of the LMC cluster Reticulum .
This cluster hosts a sizable sample of RR Lyrae and its distance is found to be 18.45 \pm 0.04 mag using the predicted PLZ _ { K } relation and 18.51 \pm 0.06 using the PLZ _ { J } relation .
We briefly discuss the evolutionary status of Anomalous Cepheids and their possible use as distance indicators .
Finally , we point out some possible improvements to improve the intrinsic accuracy of theory and observations .