The NGC 1407 Group stands out among nearby structures by its properties that suggest it is massive and evolved .
It shares properties with entities that have been called fossil groups : the 1.4 ^ { m } differential between the dominant elliptical galaxy and the second brightest galaxy comes close to satisfying the definition that has been used to define the fossil class .
There are few intermediate luminosity galaxies , but a large number of dwarfs in the group .
We estimate there are 250 group members to the depth of our survey .
The slope of the faint end of the luminosity function ( reaching M _ { R } = -12 ) is \alpha = -1.35 .
Velocities for 35 galaxies demonstrate that this group with one dominant galaxy has a mass of 7 \times 10 ^ { 13 } M _ { \odot } and M / L _ { R } = 340 M _ { \odot } / L _ { \odot } .
Two galaxies in close proximity to NGC 1407 have very large blueshifts .
The most notable is the second brightest galaxy , NGC 1400 , with a velocity of -1072 km s ^ { -1 } with respect to the group mean .
We report the detection of X-ray emission from this galaxy and from the group .